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Wildlife-vehicle collisions pose an urgent and growing safety threat at both the national and local levels. In the United States between July 2024 and June 2025, an alarming 1.7 million animal-vehicle collisions were reported, with deer as the most commonly struck species. In Colorado, wildlife-vehicle collisions are a persistent and severe concern: state records show an average of roughly 3,300 annually on Colorado highways, but the true total is even higher, as many incidents go unreported.
In just five years, CAPP has paid out $1,200,000 in claims for 190 wildlife-related accidents. While deer account for most incidents, turkeys, bears, coyotes, badgers, and cows have also caused damage and injuries. Motor vehicle accidents in Colorado with wildlife now rank as the third leading cause of crashes, surpassed only by speeding and distracted driving, making immediate awareness and action essential.
Across the country, October-December are the peak months for wildlife-related auto accidents. With shorter daylight hours, many drivers commute during dawn and dusk, when big game animals, especially deer, are most active. Additionally, November marks the peak of deer mating season, when these animals become more mobile, easily distracted, and more likely to cross roadways.
Understanding these risks and taking precautions during this high-risk season can help save lives, reduce injuries, and prevent costly vehicle damage.
While it’s not always possible to avoid driving during peak wildlife activity, these tips can help reduce the risk of collisions:
Stay cautious and prepared—these small actions can make a big difference in preventing accidents and staying safe on the road.
Wildlife crossings can happen unexpectedly, especially when driving through forests, agricultural areas, and regions with high wildlife activity. Colorado Parks & Wildlife has identified the following highways as high-risk areas for wildlife-related auto accidents:
Drivers should remain vigilant, particularly when wildlife activity is heightened in the fall. Increased awareness can prevent accidents and save lives. For questions about claims or to learn more about driver safety, contact CTSI Loss Control at (303) 861-0507.
As winter approaches and temperatures drop, it is ideal to assess county buildings for vulnerabilities to freezing temperatures, ice, and snow. Key areas to inspect include roofs, gutters, pipes, windows, and foundations. Proactive maintenance can help prevent costly damage and disruptions, ensuring county facilities remain safe and functional throughout winter.
Ice dams form when water from melting snow refreezes near roof edges, causing blockages that trap water on the roof. This can lead to water seeping into roofs, ceilings, and walls, resulting in structural damage and mold growth. Besides clearing gutters and downspouts, consider using heated cables in high-risk areas, especially on lower-sloped roofs or around eaves where ice is likely to accumulate. Proper attic space ventilation can also help by regulating roof temperature and reducing the conditions that lead to ice dams.
The weight of snow and ice can compromise a roof’s structural integrity, especially if snow is left to accumulate. Conduct a seasonal roof inspection to identify and repair loose shingles, weak spots, or potential leak areas. For flat or low-slope roofs, ensure drains are clear to prevent pooling. Keep snow load measurements in mind, and if necessary, establish a snow removal plan that uses safe techniques to prevent roof damage. Tools like roof rakes or snow guards can help maintain snow distribution and reduce stress on vulnerable areas.
Pipes exposed to freezing temperatures are vulnerable to bursting, which can cause severe water damage and expensive repairs. Besides adding insulation, consider using heat tape or pipe warmers for pipes that cannot be relocated to warmer areas. Regularly inspect the insulation for wear and replace any sections that have gaps or cracks. During severe cold, setting thermostats to a consistent temperature day and night can help reduce the chance of freezing pipes.
In unoccupied buildings or areas that will not be used frequently during winter, consider shutting off the water supply to prevent pipe damage and draining the pipes to eliminate standing water.
Winterizing windows and doors helps conserve heat, reduces the strain on heating systems, and can lower utility costs. Inspect all windows and doors for drafts or air leaks, as even small gaps can significantly reduce energy efficiency. Seal these gaps with weather stripping or caulk. Consider applying window insulation film for older windows, which can add a protective layer to prevent heat loss.
In addition to sealing leaks, ensure that all window locks and door latches are secure. Locking windows can help them fit more tightly against the frame, reducing drafts. Check the bottom seal or sweep for doors, as gaps here can let in cold air; replacing or adding a door sweep can help keep drafts out.
The building’s foundation also plays a crucial role in winter readiness. Inspect the foundation for any visible cracks or openings, especially near water pipes or electrical conduits. Cracks can allow cold air and moisture to enter, potentially damaging interior structures and systems. Use exterior-grade caulk or expandable foam to seal these cracks and prevent cold air from reaching interior spaces. Additionally, ensure that foundation vents are closed or covered during the winter months to minimize heat loss further and protect pipes.
Prepare county buildings for winter weather by evaluating roofs, gutters, exposed pipes, windows, doors, and foundations for potential weaknesses. Proactively addressing these areas can help reduce the risk of damage, save on repair costs, and maintain a safe environment for county employees and the public. For more guidance on winterizing your facilities, contact CTSI at (303) 861-0507.
Being prepared for winter weather driving is crucial for ensuring safety on the road. Winter conditions can be challenging and unpredictable, and they often present unique hazards that require drivers to take extra precautions. Here are some key reasons why being prepared for winter weather driving is important:
The Colorado Department of Transportation recommends people traveling in cold weather stock their vehicles with a winter weather survival kit that includes the following:
If you find yourself stranded in your vehicle during a snowstorm, immediately check that the tailpipe is clear of snow. A blocked tailpipe can lead to a deadly buildup of carbon monoxide in the passenger compartment. You should also stay in your car with your seatbelt on unless you see a building nearby. Turn the car off to conserve gas, and only turn it back on occasionally to stay warm. The more hydrated you are, the warmer you will stay so melt snow, if necessary.
Being prepared for winter weather driving involves a combination of proactive measures, such as proper vehicle maintenance, using the right equipment, and staying informed about weather and road conditions. Taking these precautions can significantly reduce the risk of accidents and ensure a safer driving experience during the winter months. Keep an emergency winter survival kit in your vehicle and know the steps to take if stranded. For more information, contact CTSI at (303) 861-0507.
Workplace wellness programs often encourage physical activity, and some counties have taken this a step further by providing exercise equipment in their buildings. While this can promote employee health and morale, it also introduces potential risks if not properly managed. Improper use, lack of supervision, or equipment malfunction can lead to injuries that may result in workers’ compensation claims or liability concerns for the employer. It’s important for counties to balance the benefits of promoting wellness with the responsibility of maintaining a safe environment.
Devices like treadmill desks, under-desk bikes, and stability balls may seem harmless, but when used in non-gym environments or without supervision, they can lead to falls, repetitive strain, or back injuries. Even minor mishaps can result in costly claims if the equipment is provided or permitted by the employer.
Distraction and reduced focus: Studies show that typing accuracy can drop by more than 15% while walking on a treadmill desk. Maintaining balance on a stability ball diverts attention and may increase the risk of falls.
Improper setup or overuse: Equipment that isn’t properly adjusted for height, inflation, or duration of use can lead to poor posture, muscle fatigue, or chronic strain.
Liability exposure: Whether equipment is owned, donated, or employee-provided, mechanical failures or improper use can result in employer liability if injuries occur during work hours.
Preventing injuries begins with clear policies, proper training, and a culture of safety. CTSI recommends the following best practices for counties:
Promoting wellness doesn’t have to mean introducing risky equipment. A well-designed ergonomic program and “get up and move” culture can be equally effective. Encourage county employees to stand, stretch, or walk for a few minutes every hour. These micro-breaks boost circulation, reduce fatigue, and refresh focus, without increasing injury risk.
CTSI offers ergonomic training for county employees. One of the most popular sessions, Ergonomic Essentials for the Office, includes ergonomic case studies, the fundamentals of adjusting your workstation, and tips on posture, movement, and stretching. This helps make simple adjustments before discomfort turns into a more serious injury.
Before adding exercise equipment to county facilities, weigh the potential health benefits against the increased risk of injury and liability. Equipment intended for fitness centers may not be suitable for office environments. When possible, focus wellness efforts on education, safe movement, and access to fitness resources outside of the workplace. As always, CTSI can assist with ergonomic assessments, safety training, and policy guidance to ensure employee well-being and reduce risk. For more information, contact CTSI at (303) 861-0507.
Workplace theft remains a significant concern across public and private sectors, and counties are no exception. According to the Association of Certified Fraud Examiners (ACFE) 2024 Report, organizations lose an estimated 5% of their annual revenue to occupational fraud and theft.. For counties, those losses directly impact budgets, services, and taxpayer trust.
While theft of cash or materials is still common, non-cash theft, such as misuse of vehicles, equipment, tools, or data, has grown steadily in recent years. Even small, repeated incidents like fuel misuse, timecard fraud, or taking supplies for personal use can accumulate into major losses.
Workplace theft doesn’t occur in isolation. Experts often point to the “fraud triangle,” three common factors that drive such behavior: pressure, such as financial or personal stress; rationalization, where individuals justify theft as harmless or deserved; and opportunity, created by weak internal controls, limited oversight, or inconsistent accountability.
The impact of workplace theft extends far beyond the dollar amount.
Workplace theft can take many forms within county operations. Common examples include:
Preventing workplace theft requires clear communication, strong controls, and a culture of accountability. Regular audits of supplies, fuel cards, and equipment, paired with tracking systems and dual approval processes, help strengthen oversight. Clear written policies and ongoing ethics training ensure employees understand that county time and property are for official use only.
Counties should also provide confidential ways to report suspected theft and commit to promptly investigating all concerns. Regularly reviewing financial records and rotating duties can help detect irregularities and limit opportunities for misuse. Above all, leaders set the tone by modeling ethical behavior and addressing issues quickly to maintain trust and transparency across the organization.
For counties, workplace theft is more than a personnel issue; it’s a governance and community trust issue. CTSI recommends regularly evaluating theft-prevention procedures, training supervisors to identify red flags, and promoting accountability at every level. Maintaining awareness, strengthening controls, and encouraging open communication can help counties preserve public trust and reduce exposure to loss. For additional guidance on loss prevention and reporting, contact CTSI at (303) 861-0507.
Counties often receive requests to share or loan mobile equipment, such as trucks, graders, or emergency vehicles, with other local governments or organizations, especially during emergencies or regional projects. Understanding the coverage, responsibilities, and documentation requirements surrounding these arrangements is essential for protecting both the county and its assets.
When county-owned mobile equipment is used for official emergency purposes, including wildfire response or disaster relief, or other coordinated public safety operations, the equipment is generally protected under the Colorado Counties Casualty and Property Pool (CAPP). Coverage extends to property damage and liability exposure when the activity is performed in direct support of county operations or in fulfillment of an official county responsibility.
Counties may authorize non-county personnel to operate county-owned equipment under permissive use provisions, provided that the individuals are properly trained and qualified for the task. Before granting such use, counties should also confirm that the operator’s employer maintains active workers’ compensation coverage and appropriate liability protection.
When county-owned equipment is loaned to another agency, municipality, or organization for non-county purposes, it is recommended that your county and the other entity enter into a simple lease agreement, so it is clear that the borrowing entity is providing the property and liability coverage. A simple lease should specify:
If you do not use a written agreement, the county risks significant exposure if equipment is damaged (as mobile equipment is very expensive to repair and/or replace) or if an injury occurs. Require the borrowing entity to provide a certificate of insurance showing adequate liability and property damage coverage.
Each entity must provide workers’ compensation coverage for its employees when they operate mobile equipment. If county employees help with emergency operations, they remain covered by the County Workers’ Compensation Pool (CWCP) as long as duties fit their job scope. Report any additional pay for these assignments in the next year’s payroll audit. For non-county personnel using county equipment, confirm the individual is properly trained and authorized.
CAPP coverage is broad and is intended to assist counties in their day-to-day operations and emergency response. In an effort to limit liability and exposure for both your county and CAPP, we recommend that you ensure all agreements involving mobile equipment, mutual aid, emergency use, or intergovernmental cooperation clearly define coverage responsibilities. If you have questions, contact CTSI at (303) 861-0507.
Employee turnover and retirements continue to challenge counties in preserving institutional knowledge. As seasoned employees transition out of the workforce, valuable know-how can be lost without structured documentation and cross-training. Recent national data shows that more than half of U.S. employees are considering a job change in 2025. Roughly one in three plan to leave their current position even without another opportunity in place, highlighting the importance of clear succession and knowledge transfer practices.
Institutional knowledge extends beyond job descriptions and procedures; it’s the deeper understanding of how departments collaborate to serve county residents effectively. The following strategies can help counties capture and share this critical information while strengthening employee engagement and organizational resilience.
Provide a history lesson on how the county was developed, including an introduction to the Colorado statutes that guide counties’ rolls and responsibilities. Cover your county’s policies, what being a public employee entails, and employee and citizen rights. Include introductions to all county departments with information on how they collaborate to better citizens’ lives in the community.
Set expectations for all employees’ documentation of the procedures and processes of their daily, weekly, monthly, and annual tasks. The documentation should include links to websites and programs used and contact lists for vendors and providers. In addition, be sure more than one person has access to the document if needed in an emergency.
Create ways for seasoned employees to work alongside newer employees or employees who are looking to broaden their knowledge. This facilitates a high-quality and productive workforce.
Cross training is not only helpful in sharing knowledge but also creates a healthy employee experience. It fosters communication and team development and aids in cultivating a culture where employees feel they can utilize their vacation time without worrying about the mountain of work waiting for them when they return.
Unfortunately, some employees may feel like they need to hoard knowledge. This is indicative of a winner vs. loser mindset, job insecurity, or a lack of trust. If you recognize this occurring, quickly seek to identify the reasoning behind the behavior and correct it as soon as possible.
Have soon-to-retire employees mentor, job share, or be shadowed by other team members well before the retiring employee’s last day. Ask them to document processes critical to their job, including details such as where files are kept and key relationships.
You are all part of the same county, working to serve the public. Though no one can possibly understand all areas, it is vital to the success of the organization that all employees feel confident and safe to ask questions to understand the “why” and communicate the big picture.
As the American workforce ages and more workers head into retirement, they take years of knowledge and experience with them. Take proactive steps to record and pass on that information and expertise before it is lost. For questions about preserving institutional knowledge, contact CTSI at (303) 861-0507.
CTSI is constantly working with our member counties to reduce the days from when the county is notified of a work-related injury until the claim is received. We aim to have all allegations reported within three days of the employer receiving notification of a claim.
Studies have consistently shown that early reporting of claims tends to lower the overall cost of the claim. The following findings highlight the importance of prompt reporting:
Given the significant impact of prompt reporting on cost reduction, filing your county's workers' compensation claim early is crucial. Remember, each claim should be filed when the incident is reported. Reporting a claim the day it is received is just as easy as filing it a week later. But even a week's delay can escalate the cost of the claim.
When a claim is filed, an adjuster evaluates the claim right away to determine the best course of action. They can work with the claimant to get appropriate medical treatment and implement an efficient return-to-work program that can bring employees back to a productive work status. Litigation is less likely for claims reported immediately. A National Council on Compensation Insurance study showed that the percentage of litigated claims doubled when reported more than 31 days after the injury.
Claim forms are available at www.ctsi.org, or you can contact the CTSI workers compensation claims staff for copies. Claims of a serious nature are to be reported by phone immediately. We do not need all of the information before reporting the loss; additional information can be submitted once reported.
Information to include:
New Claims should be sent to wcclaims@ctsi.org. After taking this initial step, CWCP members will be notified of what to do next. Please set up a claim file and keep all information together for future use and reference.
When an injury occurs on the job, a workers’ compensation claim should be filed when the injury is reported. Filing early allows CTSI to manage the claimant’s treatment more effectively and offers significant cost savings to the CWCP. For more information on filing claims, contact CTSI at (303) 861-0507.
